finn-lang/Resolver.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using Finn;
using Finn.AST;



class Resolver : IExprVisitor<ValueTuple, ValueTuple>
{
	private class NameCollection
	{
		public ImmutableHashSet<string> Names { get; private set; } = ImmutableHashSet<string>.Empty;

		public void Add(Token name)
		{
			var value = (string)name.Literal!;
			if (Names.Contains(value))
			{
				Program.error(name.Start, $"Duplicate name declared in scope: {name.Lexeme}");
			}
			else
			{
				Names = Names.Add(value);
			}
		}
	}

	private class PatternNameCollector : IPatternVisitor<NameCollection, ValueTuple>
	{
		public readonly static PatternNameCollector Instance = new();
		private static readonly ValueTuple Void = ValueTuple.Create();

		private PatternNameCollector() { }

		public ValueTuple visitFieldPatternPattern(NameCollection names, FieldPattern field)
		{
			if (field.Pattern is null)
			{
				names.Add(field.Name);
			}
			else
			{
				field.Pattern.accept(names, this);
			}
			return Void;
		}

		public ValueTuple visitRecordPatternPattern(NameCollection names, RecordPattern record)
		{
			record.Rest?.accept(names, this);
			foreach (var field in record.Fields)
			{
				field.accept(names, this);
			}
			return Void;
		}

		public ValueTuple visitSimplePatternPattern(NameCollection names, SimplePattern simple)
		{
			if (simple.Identifier is not null)
			{
				names.Add(simple.Identifier);
			}
			return Void;
		}

		public ValueTuple visitVariantPatternPattern(NameCollection names, VariantPattern variant)
		{
			variant.Argument?.accept(names, this);
			return Void;
		}
	}

	private readonly Interpreter Interpreter;
	private readonly Stack<IReadOnlySet<string>> scopes = new();

	Resolver(Interpreter interpreter)
	{
		Interpreter = interpreter;
	}

	private void Resolve(ValueTuple context, Expr expr)
	{
		expr.accept(context, this);
	}

	private void ResolveInNewScope(ValueTuple context, IReadOnlySet<string> vars, Expr expr)
	{
		BeginScope(vars);
		Resolve(context, expr);
		EndScope();
	}

	private void BeginScope(IReadOnlySet<string> vars)
	{
		scopes.Push(vars);
	}

	private void EndScope()
	{
		scopes.Pop();
	}

	public ValueTuple visitBinaryExpr(ValueTuple context, Binary expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Left);
		Resolve(context, expr.Right);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitCallExpr(ValueTuple context, Call expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Left);
		foreach (var arg in expr.Arguments)
		{
			if (arg is not null)
			{
				Resolve(context, arg);
			}
		}
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitGroupingExpr(ValueTuple context, Grouping expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Expression);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitIfExpr(ValueTuple context, If expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Condition);
		Resolve(context, expr.Then);
		Resolve(context, expr.Else);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitIndexerExpr(ValueTuple context, Indexer expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Left);
		Resolve(context, expr.Index);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitLetExpr(ValueTuple context, Let expr)
	{
		var names = new NameCollection();
		foreach (var binding in expr.Bindings)
		{
			switch (binding)
			{
				case FuncBinding fb:
					names.Add(fb.Name);
					break;
				case VarBinding vb:
					vb.Pattern.accept(names, PatternNameCollector.Instance);
					break;
				default:
					throw new Exception("wtf there are no other binding types");
			}
		}

		BeginScope(names.Names);

		// TODO Put the static constructivity check here.
		//     For now, just check that a definition only uses names that come before it.
		//     Note that this will preclude using shadowed variables in definitions.

		foreach (var binding in expr.Bindings)
		{
			switch (binding)
			{
				case FuncBinding fb:
					ResolveFunction(context, fb);
					break;
				case VarBinding vb:
					Resolve(context, vb.Value);
					break;
				default:
					throw new Exception("wtf there are no other binding types");
			}
		}
		Resolve(context, expr.Body);

		EndScope();
		return context;
	}

	private void ResolveFunction(ValueTuple context, FuncBinding fb)
	{
		NameCollection names = new();
		foreach (var param in fb.Params)
		{
			param.accept(names, PatternNameCollector.Instance);
		}
		ResolveInNewScope(context, names.Names, fb.Value);
	}

	public ValueTuple visitListExpr(ValueTuple context, List expr)
	{
		foreach (var element in expr.Elements)
		{
			Resolve(context, element);
		}
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitLiteralExpr(ValueTuple context, Literal expr)
	{
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitRecordExpr(ValueTuple context, Record expr)
	{
		if (expr.Base is not null)
		{
			Resolve(context, expr.Base.Value);
			foreach (var update in expr.Base.Updates)
			{
				if (update.Value is not null)
				{
					Resolve(context, update.Value);
				}
				else
				{
					// TODO Resolve update.Name like a var expression.
				}
			}
		}
		foreach (var extension in expr.Extensions)
		{
			if (extension.Value is not null)
			{
				Resolve(context, extension.Value);
			}
			else
			{
				// TODO Resolve extension.Name like a var expression.
			}
		}
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitSelectorExpr(ValueTuple context, Selector expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Left);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitSequenceExpr(ValueTuple context, Sequence expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Left);
		Resolve(context, expr.Right);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitUnaryExpr(ValueTuple context, Unary expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Right);
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitVariableExpr(ValueTuple context, Variable expr)
	{
		ResolveLocal(expr, expr.Value);
		return context;
	}

	private void ResolveLocal(Expr expr, Token name)
	{
		// TODO I can't peek past the top element of the stack (as is correct for a stack).
		// Switch to an immutable stack so I can just pop stuff off, or switch to a list.
		throw new NotImplementedException();
	}

	public ValueTuple visitVariantExpr(ValueTuple context, Variant expr)
	{
		if (expr.Argument is not null)
		{
			Resolve(context, expr.Argument);
		}
		return context;
	}

	public ValueTuple visitWhenExpr(ValueTuple context, When expr)
	{
		Resolve(context, expr.Head);
		foreach (var _case in expr.Cases)
		{
			var names = new NameCollection();
			_case.Pattern.accept(names, PatternNameCollector.Instance);
			ResolveInNewScope(context, names.Names, _case.Value);
		}
		return context;
	}
}